abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Uplift of the tropical Andes had a significant impact on the diversification of South American flora and fauna. Recent biogeographic inquiries have established patterns of Andean divergence, but investigations on ferns are scant. The fern genus Polystichum Roth (Dryopteridaceae) combines widespread...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： McHenry MA,Barrington DS

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multicellularity has evolved at least once in every major eukaryotic clade (in all ploidy levels) and numerous times among the prokaryotes. According to a standard multilevel selection (MLS) model, in each case, the evolution of multicellularity required the acquisition of cell-cell adhesion, communication, cooperatio...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Niklas KJ

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Pollinator shifts have been implicated as a driver of divergence in angiosperms. We tested the hypothesis that there was a transition from bird- to butterfly pollination in the African genus Clivia (Amaryllidaceae) and investigated how floral traits may have been either modified or retained during ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Kiepiel I,Johnson SD

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Seed cone scales assigned to the genus Schizolepidopsis are widespread in Late Triassic to Cretaceous Eurasian deposits. They have been linked to the conifer family Pinaceae based on associated vegetative remains, but their exact affinities are uncertain. Recently discovered material from the Early...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Leslie AB,Glasspool I,Herendeen PS,Ichinnorov N,Knopf P,Takahashi M,Crane PR

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Vestigialization of traits that no longer enhance fitness is a common theme in evolution. Plants often use colorful, scented flowers to attract pollinators that mediate outcross pollination. After an evolutionary shift from outcrossing to self-fertilization, where cross-pollination is no longer nec...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Doubleday LA,Raguso RA,Eckert CG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Drosera peltata var. nipponica, an element of the East Asia warm-temperate vegetation, and D. rotundifolia, a widely distributed boreal species, reach one of their northernmost and southernmost limits, respectively, on the Korean Peninsula. Because the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM)-Holocene dynamics o...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chung MY,López-Pujol J,Chung MG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Identifying recently diverged taxa can be useful for studying the process of speciation. Ipomoea lacunosa and I. cordatotriloba, along with a putative homoploid hybrid, I. ×leucantha, are closely related taxa, which are promising for investigating the early stages of speciation. The objectives of t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Duncan TM,Rausher MD

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Allometric relationships among the dimensions of leaf cells, cell walls, and tissues, and whole-leaf thickness and area are likely to have key implications for leaf construction and function, but have remained virtually untested, despite the explosion of interest in allometric analysis...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： John GP,Scoffoni C,Sack L

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The role of hybridization in plant evolution remains a source of intense debate. Potential consequences range from genetic dead-ends to species fusion or hybrid speciation. While much has been learned from model systems such as Populus, Iris, and Helianthus, many questions remain. Cons...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Furches MS,Small RL,Furches A

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Fuchsia (Onagraceae) anthers, pollen, and an ornithophilous Fuchsia-like flower from an earliest Miocene lacustrine diatomite deposit at Foulden Maar, southern New Zealand confirm a long record for Fuchsia in New Zealand and probably an equally long history for its distinctive honeyeat...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lee DE,Conran JG,Bannister JM,Kaulfuss U,Mildenhall DC

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Permineralization provides the most faithful known mode of three-dimensional preservation of the morphology and cellular anatomy of fossil plants. Standard optical microscopic documentation of such structures can provide only an approximation of their true three-dimensional form and is incapable of...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Shi CS,Schopf JW,Kudryavtsev AB

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Several members of Selaginella are renowned for their ability to survive extreme drought and "resurrect" when conditions improve. Many of these belong to subgenus Tetragonostachys, a group of ∼45 species primarily found in North and Central America, with substantial diversity in the Sonoran and Chi...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Arrigo N,Therrien J,Anderson CL,Windham MD,Haufler CH,Barker MS

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Invasive plant species threaten native plants in multiple ways, one of which is genetic assimilation through hybridization. However, information regarding hybridization between related alien and native plant species is generally lacking. In Hawaii, the invasive Central American species...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Knope ML,Pender RJ,Crawford DJ,Wieczorek AM

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Sphagnum dominates vast expanses of wetland habitats throughout the northern hemisphere and species delimitation within the genus is important because floristic changes associated with a warming global climate may have measureable impacts on large-scale ecological processes. Most north...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Shaw AJ,Shaw B,Johnson MG,Higuchi M,Arikawa T,Ueno T,Devos N

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Ferns and lycophytes are the only extant land plants with two free-living generations (sporophytes and gametophytes); hence, a single species may have two different distributions. The distribution of the gametophytes of most fern species, which are much smaller in size than sporophytes, are almost ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Ebihara A,Yamaoka A,Mizukami N,Sakoda A,Nitta JH,Imaichi R

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:While the effect of abiotic factors on leaf herbivory is well known, the relative importance of abiotic conditions influencing both mutualists and antagonists is less well understood. Species interactions could enhance or reduce the direct effects of abiotic factors, depending on how mutualists and...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Soper Gorden NL,Adler LS

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Diversification of floral traits in angiosperms is often attributed to have been driven by adaptations to pollinators. Nevertheless, phylogenetic studies on the relationships among evolutionary changes in floral traits and pollination systems are still limited. We examined the relation...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sakai S,Kawakita A,Ooi K,Inoue T

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite the ecological, economic, and cultural importance of the palm Mauritia flexuosa in Amazonia, knowledge of its reproductive biology is scarce. Previous observations of this species suggested beetles as the probable pollinator, but experimental work to confirm this hypothesis was...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Khorsand Rosa R,Koptur S

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Koelreuteria (Sapindaceae) has four extant deciduous tree species, disjunctly distributed in eastern Asia and the Fiji Islands. While K. paniculata is widely cultivated, the biogeographic origin and evolutionary history of Koelreuteria remain unclear. METHODS:Fruits, pollen, wood, and leaves of cl...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Wang Q,Manchester SR,Gregor HJ,Shen S,Li ZY

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Male-biased herbivory in dioecious species is expected as a consequence of selection for increased resistance (reduced attack) in the sex with higher reproductive costs-females. Empirical support of this prediction is taxonomically restricted and fraught with exceptions. Phenological changes in res...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Buckley NE,Avila-Sakar G

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Gravity has been a major force throughout the evolution of terrestrial organisms, and plants have developed exquisitely sensitive, regulated tropisms and growth patterns that are based on the gravity vector. The nullified gravity during spaceflight allows direct assessment of gravity roles. The mic...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Zupanska AK,Denison FC,Ferl RJ,Paul AL

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant tropisms play a fundamental role in shaping the growth form of plants, and these fascinating movements are the focus of this thematic issue of the American Journal of Botany. The issue includes 16 reviews of the current literature and eight original manuscripts written by a diverse group of international experts...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Wyatt SE,Kiss JZ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF STUDY:Phylogenetic relationships of the papilionoid legumes (Papilionoideae) reveal that the early branches are more highly diverse in floral morphology than are other clades of Papilionoideae. This study attempts for the first time to comprehensively sample the early-branching clades of this ec...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Cardoso D,de Queiroz LP,Pennington RT,de Lima HC,Fonty E,Wojciechowski MF,Lavin M

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Corallodiscus is widespread across China and in adjacent countries to the west and south, with C. lanuginosus covering the entire range of the genus. Microsatellite markers will be useful to address within-complex taxonomic and biogeographic structures of this species. • METHODS AND R...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Gao LM,Zhang ZR,Zhou P,Möller M,Li DZ

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized in Mimulus ringens (Phrymaceae), a herbaceous wetland perennial, to facilitate studies of mating patterns and population genetic structure. • METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 42 polymorphic loci were identified from a sample of 24 i...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Nunziata SO,Karron JD,Mitchell RJ,Lance SL,Jones KL,Trapnell DW

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Palaeotropic Derris-like taxa (family Fabaceae, tribe Millettieae) comprise 6-9 genera. They are well known as important sources of rotenone toxin, which are used as organic insecticide and fish poison. However, their phylogenetic relationships and classification are still problematic due to insuff...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sirichamorn Y,Adema FA,Gravendeel B,van Welzen PC

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The evolution of metal tolerance in plants is an important model for studies of adaptation to environment, population genetics, and speciation. Here, we investigated nickel tolerance in the North American serpentine endemic Caulanthus amplexicaulis var. barbarae in comparison with its nonserpentine...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burrell AM,Hawkins AK,Pepper AE

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed from Imperata cylindrica, a traditional medicinal herb in Asia and among the top 10 worst invasive weeds in the world, to aid in the identification of the limits of asexual clonal individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 21 microsatellite markers, including 18...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chiang YC,Tsai CC,Hsu TW,Chou CH

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Vessels are the chief conduit for long-distance water transport in the majority of flowering plants. Vessel length is a key trait that determines plant hydraulic efficiency and safety, yet relatively little is known about this xylem feature. • METHODS:We used previously published stud...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Jacobsen AL,Pratt RB,Tobin MF,Hacke UG,Ewers FW

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Population genetic structuring over limited timescales is commonly viewed as a consequence of spatial constraints. Indirect approaches have recently revealed reproductive isolation resulting from flowering time (so-called isolation by time, IBT). Since phenological processes can be subject to selec...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Daïnou K,Laurenty E,Mahy G,Hardy OJ,Brostaux Y,Tagg N,Doucet JL

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:We isolated and characterized microsatellite markers for the California poppy, Eschscholzia californica, which is an invasive species in central Chile. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of eight polymorphic and six monomorphic loci were developed for the species. Between one and 12 alleles were observed...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Véliz D,Gauci R,Bustamante RO

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite primers were developed in the native legume tree Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil to study the genetic diversity and genetic structure in natural populations in Argentina. METHODS AND RESULTS:Nine microsatellite markers were identified using a genomic library enriched for tandemly...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Barrandeguy ME,Prinz K,García MV,Finkeldey R

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Understanding the flexibility of monocot genomes requires a phylogenetic framework, which so far is available for few of the ca. 2800 genera. Here we use a molecular tree for the South American genus Alstroemeria to place karyological information, including fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chacón J,Sousa A,Baeza CM,Renner SS

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The perennial feather moss Hylocomium splendens is one of the most widely distributed and common bryophytes in the Northern Hemisphere and has, because of its capacity to grow under a wide range of environmental conditions, been used as a biomonitor for atmospheric metal deposition in Europe. METH...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Vik U,Halvorsen R,Ohlson M,Rydgren K,Carlsen T,Korpelainen H,Kauserud H

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Bio-ontologies are essential tools for accessing and analyzing the rapidly growing pool of plant genomic and phenomic data. Ontologies provide structured vocabularies to support consistent aggregation of data and a semantic framework for automated analyses and reasoning. They are a key component of...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Walls RL,Athreya B,Cooper L,Elser J,Gandolfo MA,Jaiswal P,Mungall CJ,Preece J,Rensing S,Smith B,Stevenson DW

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:In angiosperm seeds, the developing embryo acquires nutrients via a suspensor that typically undergoes programmed cell death (PCD) at the early cotyledon stage. However, in Leguminosae (the third largest angiosperm family), the suspensors can disappear at the heart-shaped stage (i.e., prior to the ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Endo Y

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Mixotrophy is a strategy whereby plants acquire carbon both through photosynthesis and heterotrophic exploitation of mycorrhizal fungi. In Euro-American Pyroleae species studied hitherto, heterotrophy levels vary according to species, sites of study, and possibly light conditions. We investigated m...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Matsuda Y,Shimizu S,Mori M,Ito S,Selosse MA

更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF STUDY:Sequence analyses for Pinaceae have suggested that extant genera diverged in the late Mesozoic. While the fossil record indicates that Pinaceae was highly diverse during the Cretaceous, there are few records of living genera. This description of an anatomically preserved seed cone extends the fossil re...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Klymiuk AA,Stockey RA

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Anatomical and morphological features of Satanocrater were studied to test hypotheses of xeric adaptations in the genus, which is endemic to arid tropical Africa. These features, together with molecular data, were used to test the phylogenetic placement of Satanocrater within the large plant family...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Tripp EA,Fatimah S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:A total of 38 polymorphic microsatellite loci of the Indian jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana), an economically important fruit tree, were developed to evaluate genetic diversity and aid in the identification of cultivars. METHODS AND RESULTS:The 38 microsatellite markers were isolated from the Indian j...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chiou CY,Chiang YC,Chen CH,Yen CR,Lee SR,Lin YS,Tsai CC

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00